Is the association between financial scarcity and health behaviours moderated by cultural capital? The GLOBE study

Abstract

Abstract Background Experiencing financial scarcity taxes cognitive bandwidth. This leaves less capacity to withhold temptations and makes relying on easiest default options more likely. Whether this default option is (un)healthy may depend on the amount of cultural capital acquired during life course. This study examined whether the association between financial scarcity and health behaviours is moderated by cultural capital. Methods Self-reported data were used from Dutch adults of the 2014-survey of the GLOBE study (N = 2466). Using linear regression analysis, financial strain (no, some, great) and cultural capital (institutionalized, objectivized, incorporated) were related to body mass index (BMI), alcohol intake, sports participation, cycling and walking, fruit intake and vegetable consumption. The interaction between financial strain and cultural capital was used to assess moderation. Results Experiencing some financial strain was associated with a higher BMI (0.7 kg/m2) and less sport participation (−31.8 min/week). Great financial strain was associated with less sport participation (−41.4 min/week). Being in the lowest tertile of cultural capital was associated with a higher BMI (1.3 kg/m2), drinking less alcohol (−10.0 units/week), less sport participation (−31.5 min/week) and consuming less fruit (−2.9 pieces/week). Cultural capital had no significant moderating effect on the relationship between financial strain and these health behaviours. Conclusion Financial strain and cultural capital seem associated with different health behaviours. Cultural capital had no moderating effect on the relationship between financial strain and different health behaviours. While financial strain and cultural capital could both be entry points for interventions to improve health behaviour, underlying mechanisms require further attention.