Possible apixaban-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis

Abstract

Abstract Purpose The development of leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) during apixaban therapy in a female patient being treated for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is reported. Summary A 74-year-old Caucasian woman weighing 102 kg presented to a walk-in clinic with complaints of mild pain and swelling in her left leg for 2 weeks. She was diagnosed as having left lower-extremity DVT. The direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) apixaban (10 mg twice daily for 7 days, then 5 mg twice daily for 3 months) was prescribed. At 1-week follow-up the patient stated that her DVT symptoms were slowly improving and reported that small areas of red rash had appeared bilaterally on her lower extremities. On day 23 of apixaban therapy, the patient presented to a walk-in clinic with a complaint that the rash had progressively worsened. The rash was diagnosed as LCV by dermatology consult. On day 24 of therapy, apixaban use was discontinued and the patient was initiated on rivaroxaban (20 mg daily) for the remainder of DVT treatment. LCV was found to be progressively improving on day 73, with trace petechiae. Rivaroxaban was used through the end of DVT treatment without further reports of LCV. Conclusion A female patient who developed LCV while taking apixaban for treatment of DVT was successfully transitioned to rivaroxaban therapy, leading to resolution of LCV and successful completion of DVT treatment without recurrence of LCV.