Cytokinin signaling promotes root hair growth by directly regulating RSL4 expression

Author:

Takatsuka Hirotomo12,Sasaki Anna1,Takahashi Naoki1,Shibata Michitaro3,Sugimoto Keiko34ORCID,Tanaka Maho35ORCID,Seki Motoaki35ORCID,Umeda Masaaki1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology , 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192 , Japan

2. School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University , Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192 , Japan

3. RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science , Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 , Japan

4. Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, 119-0033 , Japan

5. RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research , 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 , Japan

Abstract

Abstract Root hairs are single-celled tubular structures produced from the epidermis, which play an essential role in water and nutrient uptake from the soil. Therefore, root hair formation and elongation are controlled not only by developmental programs but also by environmental factors, enabling plants to survive under fluctuating conditions. Phytohormones are key signals that link environmental cues to developmental programs; indeed, root hair elongation is known to be controlled by auxin and ethylene. Another phytohormone, cytokinin, also affects root hair growth, while whether cytokinin is actively involved in root hair growth and, if so, how it regulates the signaling pathway governing root hair development have remained unknown. In this study, we show that the two-component system of cytokinin, which involves the B-type response regulators ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 1 (ARR1) and ARR12, promotes the elongation process of root hairs. They directly up-regulate ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 6-LIKE 4 (RSL4) encoding a basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factor that plays a central role in root hair growth, whereas the ARR1/12–RSL4 pathway does not crosstalk with auxin or ethylene signaling. These results indicate that cytokinin signaling constitutes another input onto the regulatory module governed by RSL4, making it possible to fine-tune root hair growth in changing environments.

Funder

MEXT KAKENHI

Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology

JST PRESTO

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Plant Science,Physiology

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