Performance of GAP and ILD-GAP models in predicting lung transplant or death in interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features

Abstract

Abstract Objectives To assess the ability of two risk prediction models in interstitial lung disease (ILD) to predict death or lung transplantation in a cohort of patients with interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF). Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of adults with IPAF at an academic medical centre. The primary outcome was a composite of lung transplantation or death. We applied the patient data to the previously described Gender–Age–Physiology (GAP) and ILD-GAP models to determine the ability of these models to predict the composite outcome. Model discrimination was assessed using the c-index, and model calibration was determined by comparing the incidence ratios of observed vs expected deaths. Results Ninety-four patients with IPAF were included. Mean (s.d.) age was 58 (13.5) years and the majority were female (62%). The majority met serologic and morphologic criteria for IPAF (94% and 91%, respectively). The GAP model had a c-index of 0.664 (95% CI 0.547–0.781), while the ILD-GAP model had a c-index of 0.569 (95% CI 0.440–0.697). In those with GAP stage 1 or GAP stage 2 disease, calibration of the GAP model was satisfactory at 2 and 3 years for the cumulative end point of lung transplantation or death. Conclusion In patients with IPAF, the GAP model performed well as a predictor of lung transplantation or death at 2 years and 3 years from ILD diagnosis in patients with GAP stage 1 and GAP stage 2 disease.