Exosome-like nanoparticles derived from Allium tuberosum prevent neuroinflammation in microglia-like cells

Author:

Ishida Tomoaki1ORCID,Kawada Kei12ORCID,Jobu Kohei1,Morisawa Shumpei1,Kawazoe Tetsushi23,Nishimura Satomi12,Akagaki Keita1,Yoshioka Saburo1,Miyamura Mitsuhiko12

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital , Nankoku, Kochi , Japan

2. Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Kochi University , Nankoku, Kochi , Japan

3. Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University , Sanuki, Kagawa , Japan

Abstract

Abstract Objective Exosome-like nanoparticles (ELNs), which are plant-derived extracellular membrane vesicles, can regulate mammalian gene expression. ELNs can cross the blood-brain barrier, making them potential therapeutic agents or drug-delivery carriers for neuroinflammation-related diseases. Here, we investigated the anti-neuroinflammatory potential of ELNs extracted from Allium tuberosum (A-ELNs). Methods A-ELNs were extracted, and their miRNA profile was characterized. A-ELNs were also applied to BV-2 microglial and MG-6 cells derived from C57/BL6 mice stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), followed by an examination of levels of inflammatory-related factors. To test their drug-carrying potential, A-ELNs were mixed with dexamethasone, an anti-inflammatory drug, to prepare dexamethasone-incorporated A-ELNs (Dex-A-ELNs). Key findings A-ELNs showed a particle size of 145 ± 2 nm and characteristic miRNAs. A-ELNs significantly decreased the LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) and inflammatory cytokines levels in BV-2 and MG-6 cells. The mRNA expression of heme oxygenase-1 was significantly increased, and that of inducible NO synthase and inflammatory cytokines was significantly decreased by A-ELNs in BV-2 cells. Dex-A-ELNs inhibited NO production in BV-2 cells more potently than either A-ELNs or dexamethasone alone. Conclusion A-ELNs can alleviate microglial inflammation. Their effects can be potentiated by incorporating anti-inflammatory drugs, such as dexamethasone, making them potential therapeutic agents or drug-delivery carriers for neuroinflammation.

Funder

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Pharmaceutical Science,Pharmacology

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