Functional Connectivity Network Disruption Underlies Domain-Specific Impairments in Attention for Children Born Very Preterm

Author:

Wheelock M D1ORCID,Lean R E2,Bora S3,Melzer T R4,Eggebrecht A T1ORCID,Smyser C D156,Woodward L J7

Affiliation:

1. Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA

2. Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA

3. Mothers, Babies, and Women’s Health Program, Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Australia

4. Department of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand

5. Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA

6. Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA

7. School of Health Sciences and Child Wellbeing Research Institute, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand

Abstract

Abstract Attention problems are common in school-age children born very preterm (VPT; < 32 weeks gestational age), but the contribution of aberrant functional brain connectivity to these problems is not known. As part of a prospective longitudinal study, brain functional connectivity (fc) was assessed alongside behavioral measures of selective, sustained, and executive attention in 58 VPT and 65 full-term (FT) born children at corrected-age 12 years. VPT children had poorer sustained, shifting, and divided attention than FT children. Within the VPT group, poorer attention scores were associated with between-network connectivity in ventral attention, visual, and subcortical networks, whereas between-network connectivity in the frontoparietal, cingulo-opercular, dorsal attention, salience and motor networks was associated with attention functioning in FT children. Network-level differences were also evident between VPT and FT children in specific attention domains. Findings contribute to our understanding of fc networks that potentially underlie typical attention development and suggest an alternative network architecture may help support attention in VPT children.

Funder

Health Research Council of New Zealand

Neurological Foundation of New Zealand

National Institutes of Health

Brain & Behavior Research Foundation

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience,Cognitive Neuroscience

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