Influence of Gonadal Steroids on Cortical Surface Area in Infancy

Author:

Alex Ann Mary1,Ruvio Tom1,Xia Kai2ORCID,Jha Shaili C3,Girault Jessica B24,Wang Li5,Li Gang5,Shen Dinggang67,Cornea Emil2,Styner Martin A28,Gilmore John H2,Knickmeyer Rebecca C12910ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Neuroengineering Division, Institute for Quantitative Health Sciences and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA

2. Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA

3. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA

4. Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA

5. Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA

6. School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China

7. Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea

8. Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA

9. Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA

10. Center for Research in Autism, Intellectual, and Other Neurodevelopmental Disabilities, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA

Abstract

Abstract Sex differences in the human brain emerge as early as mid-gestation and have been linked to sex hormones, particularly testosterone. Here, we analyzed the influence of markers of early sex hormone exposure (polygenic risk score (PRS) for testosterone, salivary testosterone, number of CAG repeats, digit ratios, and PRS for estradiol) on the growth pattern of cortical surface area in a longitudinal cohort of 722 infants. We found PRS for testosterone and right-hand digit ratio to be significantly associated with surface area, but only in females. PRS for testosterone at the most stringent P value threshold was positively associated with surface area development over time. Higher right-hand digit ratio, which is indicative of low prenatal testosterone levels, was negatively related to surface area in females. The current work suggests that variation in testosterone levels during both the prenatal and postnatal period may contribute to cortical surface area development in female infants.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

Brain and Behavior Research Foundation

John and Polly Sparks Foundation

National Alliance for Autism Research

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience,Cognitive Neuroscience

Cited by 2 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Genetic Influences on the Developing Young Brain and Risk for Neuropsychiatric Disorders;Biological Psychiatry;2023-05

2. Sex differences in autism;Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology;2023

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