Pain Increases the Risk for Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Adults: Results From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

Author:

Veronese Nicola1,Koyanagi Ai23,Barbagallo Mario1,Dominguez Ligia J14,Maggi Stefania5ORCID,Soysal Pinar6ORCID,Bolzetta Francesco7,Ruotolo Giovanni8,Castagna Alberto8,Smith Lee9

Affiliation:

1. Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy

2. Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII , Barcelona , Spain

3. ICREA , Barcelona , Spain

4. Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna , Enna , Italy

5. National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute , Padua , Italy

6. Department of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey

7. Medical Department, Geriatric Unit, Azienda ULSS (Unità Locale Socio Sanitaria) , Dolo-Mirano , Italy

8. Geriatrics Unit, “Pugliese Ciaccio” Hospital , Catanzaro , Italy

9. Centre for Health, Performance, and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University , Cambridge , UK

Abstract

Abstract Background Pain and sarcopenia are common in older people. Cross-sectional studies have reported a significant association between these two conditions, but cohort studies exploring pain as a potential risk factor for sarcopenia are scarce. Given this background, the aim of the present work was to investigate the association between pain (and its severity) at baseline, and the incidence of sarcopenia over 10 years of follow-up in a large representative sample of the English older adult population. Methods Pain was diagnosed using self-reported information and categorized as mild to severe pain at four sites (low back, hip, knee, and feet). Incident sarcopenia was defined as having low handgrip strength and low skeletal muscle mass during the follow-up period. The association between pain at baseline and incident sarcopenia was assessed using an adjusted logistic regression analysis, and reported as odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results The 4 102 participants without sarcopenia at baseline had a mean ± standard deviation age of 69.7 ± 7.2 years, and they were mainly male (55.6%). Pain was present in 35.3% of the sample. Over 10 years of follow-up, 13.9% of the participants developed sarcopenia. After adjusting for 12 potential confounders, people with pain reported a significantly higher risk of sarcopenia (OR = 1.46: 95% CI: 1.18–1.82). However, only severe pain was significantly associated with incident sarcopenia, without significant differences across the four sites assessed. Conclusions The presence of pain, particularly severe pain, was associated with a significantly higher risk of incident sarcopenia.

Funder

National Institute of Aging

Centre for the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions for Public Health Improvement

British Heart Foundation

Cancer Research UK

Economic and Social Research Council

Medical Research Council

Welsh Assembly Government

Wellcome Trust

Academy of Finland

National Institutes of Health

University of Palermo

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Geriatrics and Gerontology,Aging

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4. Sarcopenia and health-related outcomes: an umbrella review of observational studies;Veronese;Eur Geriatr Med,2019

5. The International Registry of patients with sarcopenia: applying research in sarcopenia to clinical practice;Sanchez-Rodriguez,2018

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