Names of Authority in the Demonologies of Ancient Judaism and Christianity

Abstract

Abstract The study of the Dead Sea Scrolls provides particular insight into the demonological material in the Synoptic Gospels, which in turn influenced and continue to influence Christian ideas of possession. This article examines relevant Qumran passages (e.g., 11Q11 and 4Q510-511) and Jewish Pseudepigrapha (e.g., Jubilees, 1 Enoch) in order to improve our understanding of possible origins of more recent beliefs and practices related to demonic affliction. Particular attention is given to the use of authoritative words and powerful names in anti-demonic formulas in antiquity, and their continued use in Christian traditions. Although there are differences and even points of contradiction in ancient and modern ideas of possession, there is also substantial continuity between ancient and modern belief systems, in particular the importance of authoritative names in both ancient and modern contexts.