Tele-Neuropsychology: From Science to Policy to Practice

Author:

Sperling Scott A1ORCID,Acheson Shawn K2,Fox-Fuller Joshua34ORCID,Colvin Mary K35ORCID,Harder Lana678,Cullum C Munro789,Randolph John J1011,Carter Kirstine R12,Espe-Pfeifer Patricia13,Lacritz Laura H78,Arnett Peter A14,Gillaspy Stephen R15

Affiliation:

1. Cleveland Clinic Department of Neurology, Center for Neurological Restoration, , Cleveland, OH , USA

2. Acheson Forensic NeuroPsyche Consulting , Asheville, NC , USA

3. Harvard Medical School Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, , Boston, MA , USA

4. Boston University Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, , Boston, MA , USA

5. Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA

6. Children’s Medical Center Children’s Health, , Dallas, TX , USA

7. University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Department of Psychiatry, , Dallas, TX , USA

8. University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Department of Neurology, , Dallas, TX , USA

9. University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Department of Neurological Surgery, , Dallas, TX , USA

10. Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Department of Psychiatry, , Lebanon, NH , USA

11. Randolph Neuropsychology Associates, PLLC , Lebanon, NH , USA

12. South Texas Veterans Health Care System , San Antonio, TX , USA

13. University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, , Iowa City, IA , USA

14. The Pennsylvania State University Department of Psychology, , State College, PA , USA

15. American Psychological Association , Washington, DC , USA

Abstract

Abstract Objective The primary aim of this paper is to accelerate the number of randomized experimental studies of the reliability and validity in-home tele-neuropsychological testing (tele-np-t). Method We conducted a critical review of the tele-neuropsychology literature. We discuss this research in the context of the United States’ public and private healthcare payer systems, including the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) and Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) coding system’s telehealth lists, and existing disparities in healthcare access. Results The number of tele-np publications has been stagnant since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. There are less published experimental studies of tele-neuropsychology (tele-np), and particularly in-home tele-np-t, than other tele-np publications. There is strong foundational evidence of the acceptability, feasibility, and reliability of tele-np-t, but relatively few studies of the reliability and validity of in-home tele-np-t using randomization methodology. Conclusions More studies of the reliability and validity of in-home tele-np-t using randomization methodology are necessary to support inclusion of tele-np-t codes on the CMS and CPT telehealth lists, and subsequently, the integration and delivery of in-home tele-np-t services across providers and institutions. These actions are needed to maintain equitable reimbursement of in-home tele-np-t services and address the widespread disparities in healthcare access.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Psychiatry and Mental health,Clinical Psychology,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology,General Medicine

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