Assessing the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection on hematological parameters

Author:

Alotaibi Badi A12,Aldali Jehad A3,Aldali Hamzah J4,Alaseem Ali5,Almuqrin Abdulaziz M67,Alshalani Abdulrahman67,AlSudais Hamood67,Alshehri Nasser A1,Alamar Nasser B1,Alhejji Mogtba A1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences , Riyadh 11481 , Saudi Arabia

2. King Abdullah International Medical Research Center , Riyadh 11481 , Saudi Arabia

3. Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) , Riyadh 13317 , Saudi Arabia

4. Cellular and Molecular Medicine, College of Biomedical Science, University of Bristol , Bristol BS8 1QU , UK

5. Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) , Riyadh 13317 , Saudi Arabia

6. Chair of   , Riyadh 12372 , Saudi Arabia

7. Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University   , Riyadh 12372 , Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Abstract Background The current study is a retrospective study designed to evaluate changes in complete blood count and coagulation parameters in adult coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients at a prominent Saudi tertiary center to predict disease severity and mortality. Methods The cohort consisted of 74 800 adult patients divided into four groups based on a COVID-19 test and the patient’s sex: 35 985 in the female negative COVID-19 group, 23 278 in the male negative COVID-19 group, 8846 in the female positive COVID-19 group and 6691 in the male positive COVID-19 group. Results Patients with COVID-19 demonstrated decreased white blood cell counts and increased red blood cell counts. Also, COVID-19–positive participants exhibited more prolonged partial thromboplastin time and lower D-dimer levels than those of COVID-19–negative subjects (p<0.05). The study also revealed gender-dependent impacts on platelet counts, implying a possible relationship with the greater infection mortality rate in men than in women (p<0.001). In addition, the study found a link between changes in coagulation test results and death in COVID-19 patients (p<0.001). The evidence regarding the effects of COVID-19 on blood cell counts and coagulation, on the other hand, is conflicting, most likely due to variances in study populations and the timing of testing postinfection. Conclusions According to the findings, COVID-19–related alterations in blood cell count and clotting ability may be risk factors for death.

Funder

Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Reference28 articles.

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