Can the epigenome contribute to risk stratification for cancer onset?

Author:

Lelièvre Sophie A1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest (ICO)-Western Cancer Institute, Scientific Direction for Translational Research, Angers, France

Abstract

Abstract The increasing burden of cancer requires identifying and protecting individuals at highest risk. The epigenome provides an indispensable complement to genetic alterations for a risk stratification approach for the following reasons: gene transcription necessary for cancer onset is directed by epigenetic modifications and many risk factors studied so far have been associated with alterations related to the epigenome. The risk level depends on the plasticity of the epigenome during phases of life particularly sensitive to environmental and dietary impacts. Modifications in the activity of DNA regulatory regions and altered chromatin compaction may accumulate, hence leading to the increase of cancer risk. Moreover, tissue architecture directs the unique organization of the epigenome for each tissue and cell type, which allows the epigenome to control cancer risk in specific organs. Investigations of epigenetic signatures of risk should help identify a continuum of alterations leading to a threshold beyond which the epigenome cannot maintain homeostasis. We propose that this threshold may be similar in the population for a given tissue, but the pace to reach this threshold will depend on the combination of germline inheritance and the risk and protective factors encountered, particularly during windows of epigenetic susceptibility, by individuals.

Funder

Pays-de-la-Loire Connect

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

General Medicine

Cited by 4 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Epigenetic Modulators as Therapeutic Agents in Cancer;International Journal of Molecular Sciences;2023-10-06

2. Embedding the Community and Individuals in Disease Prevention;Frontiers in Medicine;2022-04-04

3. Editorial: NAR Cancer and epigenetics and cancer;NAR Cancer;2022-01-13

4. Health Services Transformation and Behavior;Sustainable Innovation;2022

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