Impact of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Prediction of Extraprostatic Extension According to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Risk Stratification in Prostate Cancer

Abstract

Purpose: The accuracy of extraprostatic extension (EPE) on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) for the preoperative staging of prostate cancer (PCa) remains controversial. This study aimed to determine the effect of mpMRI for EPE prediction in the final pathology after radical prostatectomy (RP) according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk stratification in patients with clinically localized PCa.Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 340 consecutive patients diagnosed with clinically localized PCa who underwent RP with preoperative mpMRI between March 2020 and December 2021. They were stratified according to the NCCN risk stratification into low (LR), favorable intermediate (FIR), unfavorable intermediate (UIR), and high risk (HR) groups to assess final pathological EPE. The accuracy of staging mpMRI was assessed in each group. Univariate and multivariate analyses evaluated the predictors of EPE in the final pathology after RP.Results: Preoperative mpMRI showed suspicious EPE in 87 patients (25.6%), whereas postoperative pathological evaluation revealed EPE in 137 patients (40.3%). The LR group showed relatively low sensitivity and positive predictive value compared with other groups. In the multivariate analysis, suspicious EPE on mpMRI was a significant predictive factor for EPE in the final pathology in the FIR, UIR, and HR groups (p=0.012, p=0.011, and p=0.001, respectively), whereas no correlation was observed in the LR group (p=0.711).Conclusions: A strong correlation was observed between suspicious EPE on mpMRI and EPE in the final pathology in the FIR, UIR, and HR groups but not in the LR group.