Attribution of growing season evapotranspiration variability considering snowmelt and vegetation changes in the arid alpine basins
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Published:2021-06-18
Issue:6
Volume:25
Page:3455-3469
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ISSN:1607-7938
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Container-title:Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.
Author:
Ning Tingting, Li ZhiORCID, Feng Qi, Li Zongxing, Qin Yanyan
Abstract
Abstract. Previous studies have successfully applied variance decomposition
frameworks based on the Budyko equations to determine the relative
contribution of variability in precipitation, potential evapotranspiration
(E0), and total water storage changes (ΔS) to evapotranspiration
variance (σET2) on different timescales; however, the effects
of snowmelt (Qm) and vegetation (M) changes have not been incorporated
into this framework in snow-dependent basins. Taking the arid alpine basins
in the Qilian Mountains in northwest China as the study area, we extended
the Budyko framework to decompose the growing season σET2 into
the temporal variance and covariance of rainfall (R), E0, ΔS,Qm,
and M. The results indicate that the incorporation of Qm could improve
the performance of the Budyko framework on a monthly scale; σET2 was primarily controlled by the R variance with a mean
contribution of 63 %, followed by the coupled R and M (24.3 %) and then
the coupled R and E0 (14.1 %). The effects of M variance or Qm
variance cannot be ignored because they contribute 4.3 % and 1.8 % of
σET2, respectively. By contrast, the interaction of some
coupled factors adversely affected σET2, and the
out-of-phase seasonality between R and Qm had the largest effect
(−7.6 %). Our methodology and these findings are helpful for
quantitatively assessing and understanding hydrological responses to climate
and vegetation changes in snow-dependent regions on a finer timescale.
Funder
National Key Research and Development Program of China National Natural Science Foundation of China
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
General Earth and Planetary Sciences,General Engineering,General Environmental Science
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