Net ecosystem exchange (NEE) estimates 2006–2019 over Europe from a pre-operational ensemble-inversion system
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Published:2022-06-17
Issue:12
Volume:22
Page:7875-7892
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ISSN:1680-7324
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Container-title:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Atmos. Chem. Phys.
Author:
Munassar SaqrORCID, Rödenbeck ChristianORCID, Koch Frank-Thomas, Totsche Kai U.ORCID, Gałkowski MichałORCID, Walther SophiaORCID, Gerbig ChristophORCID
Abstract
Abstract. Three-hourly net ecosystem exchange (NEE) is estimated at
spatial scales of 0.25∘ over the European continent, based on the
pre-operational inverse modelling framework “CarboScope Regional” (CSR)
for the years 2006 to 2019. To assess the uncertainty originating from the
choice of a priori flux models and observational data, ensembles of
inversions were produced using three terrestrial ecosystem flux models, two
ocean flux models, and three sets of atmospheric stations. We find that the
station set ensemble accounts for 61 % of the total spread of the annually
aggregated fluxes over the full domain when varying all these elements,
while the biosphere and ocean ensembles resulted in much smaller
contributions to the spread of 28 % and 11 %, respectively. These
percentages differ over the specific regions of Europe, based on the
availability of atmospheric data. For example, the spread of the biosphere
ensemble is prone to be larger in regions that are less constrained by
CO2 measurements. We investigate the impact of unprecedented increase in temperature and simultaneous reduction in soil water content (SWC)
observed in 2018 and 2019 on the carbon cycle. We find that NEE estimates
during these 2 years suggest an impact of drought occurrences represented
by the reduction in net primary productivity (NPP), which in turn leads to
less CO2 uptake across Europe in 2018 and 2019, resulting in anomalies
of up to 0.13 and 0.07 PgC yr−1 above the climatological mean,
respectively. Annual temperature anomalies also exceeded the climatological
mean by 0.46 ∘C in 2018 and by 0.56 ∘C in 2019, while
Standardised Precipitation–Evaporation Index (SPEI) anomalies declined to
−0.20 and −0.05 SPEI units below the climatological mean in both 2018 and
2019, respectively. Therefore, the biogenic fluxes showed a weaker sink of
CO2 in both 2018 and 2019 (−0.22 ± 0.05 and −0.28 ± 0.06 PgC yr−1, respectively) in comparison with the mean −0.36 ± 0.07 PgC yr−1 calculated over the full analysed period (i.e. 14 years).
These translate into a continental-wide reduction in the annual sink by 39 % and 22 %, respectively, larger than the typical year-to-year
standard deviation of 19 % observed over the full period.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
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