Concurrent observations of atomic iodine, molecular iodine and ultrafine particles in a coastal environment
-
Published:2011-03-17
Issue:6
Volume:11
Page:2545-2555
-
ISSN:1680-7324
-
Container-title:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:Atmos. Chem. Phys.
Author:
Mahajan A. S.,Sorribas M.,Gómez Martín J. C.,MacDonald S. M.,Gil M.,Plane J. M. C.,Saiz-Lopez A.
Abstract
Abstract. Simultaneous measurements of atomic iodine (I), molecular iodine (I2) and ultrafine particles were made at O Grove, Galicia (42.50° N, 8.87° W), on the northwest coast of Spain. The observations show a strong tidal signature, and indicate that the most probable sources of reactive iodine species are the exposed macroalgae during low tide. For the first time, I2 and I were concurrently measured revealing a high average I2/I ratio of ~32, which is higher than previously inferred by modelling studies. A 1-dimensional photochemical model is employed to simulate the observations showing that the high I2/I ratio can be reproduced in the presence of fast vertical mixing close to the surface, or using an extra chemical loss for I atoms with an unknown species. There is a lack of strong correlation between the I2/I and ultrafine particles, indicating that although they both have macroalgal sources, these were not at the same location. The model simulations also suggest that the source of the observed ultrafine particles is likely not very close to the measurement site, in order for the particles to form and grow, but the source for I and I2 must be local. Finally, the effect of NOx levels on iodine oxides, and the conditions under which iodine particle bursts will be suppressed, are explored.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
Reference41 articles.
1. Alicke, B., Hebestreit, K., Stutz, J., and Platt, U.: Iodine oxide in the marine boundary layer, Nature, 397, 572–573, 1999. 2. Allan, B. J., Plane, J. M. C., and McFiggans, G.: Observations of OIO in the remote marine boundary layer, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1945–1948, 2001. 3. Atkinson, R., Baulch, D. L., Cox, R. A., Crowley, J. N., Hampson, R. F., Hynes, R. G., Jenkin, M. E., Rossi, M. J., and Troe, J.: Evaluated kinetic and photochemical data for atmospheric chemistry: Volume III – gas phase reactions of inorganic halogens, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 981–1191, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-981-2007, 2007. 4. Bale, C. S. E., Ingham, T., Commane, R., Heard, D. E., and Bloss, W. J.: Novel measurements of atmospheric iodine species by resonance fluorescence, J. Atmos. Chem., 60, 51–70, 2008. 5. Ball, S. M., Hollingsworth, A. M., Humbles, J., Leblanc, C., Potin, P., and McFiggans, G.: Spectroscopic studies of molecular iodine emitted into the gas phase by seaweed, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 6237–6254, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-6237-2010, 2010.
Cited by
37 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
|
|