Geodiversity and biodiversity on a volcanic island: the role of scattered phonolites for plant diversity and performance
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Published:2022-03-24
Issue:6
Volume:19
Page:1691-1703
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ISSN:1726-4189
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Container-title:Biogeosciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Biogeosciences
Author:
Kienle DavidORCID, Walentowitz AnnaORCID, Sungur LeylaORCID, Chiarucci AlessandroORCID, Irl Severin D. H.ORCID, Jentsch AnkeORCID, Vetaas Ole R.ORCID, Field RichardORCID, Beierkuhnlein CarlORCID
Abstract
Abstract. Oceanic islands are cradles of endemism, contributing
substantially to global biodiversity. A similarity in magmatic origin
translates into high global comparability of substrates of volcanic islands
on the oceanic crust with, however, slightly chemically or physically
differentiated petrography in some places. Phonolites are examples of rare
localities with intermediate chemical characteristics between felsic and
mafic and with diverse textures. They contribute to habitat heterogeneity
and offer specific growth conditions in a significantly different matrix of
basaltic substrates. The explicit contribution of geodiversity to island
biodiversity has been little studied, despite growing evidence of its
importance on continents. On the island of La Palma, Canary Islands,
isolated phonolitic rocks are conspicuous due to their light colour and specific
shape. Although these outcrops only cover small areas, their unique form and
composition increase within-island geodiversity. To investigate how this
affects biodiversity on La Palma, we sampled all vascular plant species in
120 plots on four sets of paired sites in order to test if plant diversity and
performance is enhanced on phonolitic rocks compared to basaltic rocks. We
recorded species number and abundance as well as individual plant height and diameter
as proxies for aboveground resource allocation and tested for differences in
vegetation cover and species composition between the bedrock types. We found
higher species richness and abundance on phonolites than neighbouring
basaltic substrates, and individuals of the same species were larger (in
height and diameter) on phonolites compared to neighbouring basalt. An
endemic woody species with two distinct varieties even appears almost
exclusively on the small surfaces of phonolitic rock. Despite extremely
limited spatial extent, phonolitic rocks can play an important role in
plant biodiversity on islands.
Funder
Horizon 2020 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Earth-Surface Processes,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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