Short commentary on marine productivity at Arctic shelf breaks: upwelling, advection and vertical mixing
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Published:2018-04-18
Issue:2
Volume:14
Page:293-300
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ISSN:1812-0792
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Container-title:Ocean Science
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Ocean Sci.
Author:
Randelhoff AchimORCID, Sundfjord Arild
Abstract
Abstract. The future of Arctic marine ecosystems has received increasing attention in
recent years as the extent of the sea ice cover is dwindling. Although the
Pacific and Atlantic inflows both import huge quantities of nutrients and
plankton, they feed into the Arctic Ocean in quite diverse regions. The
strongly stratified Pacific sector has a historically heavy ice cover, a
shallow shelf and dominant upwelling-favourable winds, while the Atlantic
sector is weakly stratified, with a dynamic ice edge and a complex
bathymetry. We argue that shelf break upwelling is likely not a universal but
rather a regional, albeit recurring, feature of “the new Arctic”. It is the
regional oceanography that decides its importance through a range of diverse
factors such as stratification, bathymetry and wind forcing. Teasing apart
their individual contributions in different regions can only be achieved by
spatially resolved time series and dedicated modelling efforts. The Northern
Barents Sea shelf is an example of a region where shelf break upwelling
likely does not play a dominant role, in contrast to the shallower shelves
north of Alaska where ample evidence for its importance has already
accumulated. Still, other factors can contribute to marked future increases
in biological productivity along the Arctic shelf break. A warming inflow of
nutrient-rich Atlantic Water feeds plankton at the same time as it melts the sea ice,
permitting increased photosynthesis. Concurrent changes in sea ice cover and
zooplankton communities advected with the boundary currents make for a
complex mosaic of regulating factors that do not allow for Arctic-wide
generalizations.
Funder
Norges Forskningsråd
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Cell Biology,Developmental Biology,Embryology,Anatomy
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