An expanded database of Southern Hemisphere surface sediment dinoflagellate cyst assemblages and their oceanographic affinities
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Published:2023-06-02
Issue:1
Volume:42
Page:35-56
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ISSN:2041-4978
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Container-title:Journal of Micropalaeontology
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language:en
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Short-container-title:J. Micropalaeontol.
Author:
Thöle Lena MareikeORCID, Nooteboom Peter Dirk, Hou SuningORCID, Wang Rujian, Nie Senyan, Michel Elisabeth, Sauermilch Isabel, Marret Fabienne, Sangiorgi FrancescaORCID, Bijl Peter KristianORCID
Abstract
Abstract. Dinoflagellate cyst assemblages present a valuable proxy to infer
paleoceanographic conditions, yet factors influencing geographic
distributions of species remain largely unknown, especially in the Southern
Ocean. Strong lateral transport, sea-ice dynamics, and a sparse and uneven
geographic distribution of surface sediment samples have limited the use of
dinocyst assemblages as a quantitative proxy for paleo-environmental
conditions such as sea surface temperature (SST), nutrient concentrations,
salinity, and sea ice (presence). In this study we present a new set of
surface sediment samples (n=66) from around Antarctica, doubling the
number of Antarctic-proximal samples to 100 (dataset wsi_100)
and increasing the total number of Southern Hemisphere samples to 655
(dataset sh_655). Additionally, we use modelled ocean
conditions and apply Lagrangian techniques to all Southern Hemisphere sample
stations to quantify and evaluate the influence of lateral transport on the
sinking trajectory of microplankton and, with that, to the inferred ocean
conditions. k-means cluster analysis on the wsi_100 dataset
demonstrates the strong affinity of Selenopemphix antarctica with sea-ice presence and of Islandinium spp. with
low-salinity conditions. For the entire Southern Hemisphere, the k-means
cluster analysis identifies nine clusters with a characteristic assemblage.
In most clusters a single dinocyst species dominates the assemblage. These
clusters correspond to well-defined oceanic conditions in specific Southern
Ocean zones or along the ocean fronts. We find that, when lateral transport
is predominantly zonal, the environmental parameters inferred from the sea
floor assemblages mostly correspond to those of the overlying ocean surface.
In this case, the transport factor can thus be neglected and will not
represent a bias in the reconstructions. Yet, for some individual sites,
e.g. deep-water sites or sites under strong-current regimes, lateral
transport can play a large role. The results of our study further constrain
environmental conditions represented by dinocyst assemblages and the
location of Southern Ocean frontal systems.
Funder
European Research Council
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
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