Inhomogeneous precursor characteristics of rock with prefabricated cracks before fracture and its implication for earthquake monitoring
-
Published:2021-08-09
Issue:3
Volume:28
Page:379-407
-
ISSN:1607-7946
-
Container-title:Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:Nonlin. Processes Geophys.
Author:
Xu Andong,Zhao Yonghong,Ehsan Muhammad Irfan,Yang Jiaying,Zhang Qi,Liu Ru
Abstract
Abstract. Earthquake precursors and earthquake monitoring are always important in the earthquake research field, even if there is still debate about the existence of earthquake precursors. However, it is extremely difficult to
observe the seismogenic environment of earthquakes directly. Laboratory
rupture experiment is a useful technique to simulate and gain an insight into the complex mechanisms of earthquakes. Five marble samples with prefabricated
cracks are used for uniaxial loading experiments to investigate whether there
is a precursory signal before rock fracture and to simulate the rupture process of strike-slip fault. The existence of a precursory signal is confirmed
by the coefficient of variation (CV) results, from which we can see two
patterns which are known as seismicity acceleration and quiescence before an
earthquake. Moreover, these CV findings are applied to determine the locations
of large deformation sampling points on the rock surface at different loading
stages. Similar results are obtained when we consider actual seismicity at the
northern end of the San Andreas Fault in California, which provides crucial evidence to prove the existence of precursor characteristics. In this case,
three kinds of seismic monitoring models are designed to find out how to
monitor these characteristics more effectively.
Funder
National Key Research and Development Program of China
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Reference47 articles.
1. Aldamegh, K. S., Abou Elenean, K. M., Hussein, H. M., and Rodgers, A. J.: Source mechanisms of the June 2004 Tabuk earthquake sequence, Eastern Red Sea margin, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, J. Seismol., 13, 561–576, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-008-9148-5, 2009. 2. Barbot, S., Lapusta, N., and Avouac, J. P.: Under the Hood of the Earthquake Machine: Toward Predictive Modeling of the Seismic Cycle, Science, 336, 707–710, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1218796, 2012. 3. Beeler, N. M., Tullis, T. E., Kronenberg, A. K., and Reinen, L. A.: The
instantaneous rate dependence in low temperature laboratory rock friction and
rock deformation experiments, J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea., 112, B07310,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2005jb003772, 2007. 4. Bowman, D. D. and King, G. C. P.: Accelerating seismicity and stress accumulation before large earthquakes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 4039–4042, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001gl013022, 2001. 5. Brace, W. F., Paulding, B. W., and Scholz, C.: Dilatancy in Fracture of Crystalline Rocks, J. Geophys. Res., 71, 3939–3954, https://doi.org/10.1029/jz071i016p03939, 1966.
|
|