Bioaerosols in the Amazon rain forest: temporal variations and vertical profiles of Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea
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Published:2021-09-06
Issue:17
Volume:18
Page:4873-4887
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ISSN:1726-4189
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Container-title:Biogeosciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Biogeosciences
Author:
Prass MariaORCID, Andreae Meinrat O.ORCID, de Araùjo Alessandro C.ORCID, Artaxo PauloORCID, Ditas FlorianORCID, Elbert Wolfgang, Förster Jan-DavidORCID, Franco Marco AurélioORCID, Hrabe de Angelis Isabella, Kesselmeier JürgenORCID, Klimach Thomas, Kremper Leslie AnnORCID, Thines Eckhard, Walter DavidORCID, Weber Jens, Weber BettinaORCID, Fuchs Bernhard M., Pöschl UlrichORCID, Pöhlker ChristopherORCID
Abstract
Abstract. The Amazon rain forest plays a major role in global hydrological
cycling, and biogenic aerosols are likely to influence the formation of
clouds and precipitation. Information about the sources and altitude
profiles of primary biological aerosol particles, however, is sparse. We
used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), a molecular biological staining
technique largely unexplored in aerosol research, to investigate the sources
and spatiotemporal distribution of Amazonian bioaerosols on the domain level. We
found wet season bioaerosol number concentrations in the range of 1–5 × 105 m−3 accounting for > 70 % of the
coarse mode aerosol. Eukaryotic and bacterial particles predominated, with
fractions of ∼ 56 % and ∼ 26 % of the
intact airborne cells. Archaea occurred at very low concentrations. Vertical
profiles exhibit a steep decrease in bioaerosol numbers from the understory
to 325 m height on the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO), with a stronger
decrease in Eukarya compared to Bacteria. Considering earlier
investigations, our results can be regarded as representative for
near-pristine Amazonian wet season conditions. The observed concentrations
and profiles provide new insights into the sources and dispersion of
different types of Amazonian bioaerosols as a solid basis for model studies
on biosphere–atmosphere interactions such as bioprecipitation cycling.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Earth-Surface Processes,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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