Source characterization of volatile organic compounds measured by proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometers in Delhi, India
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Published:2020-08-20
Issue:16
Volume:20
Page:9753-9770
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ISSN:1680-7324
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Container-title:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Atmos. Chem. Phys.
Author:
Wang LiweiORCID, Slowik Jay G., Tripathi Nidhi, Bhattu Deepika, Rai Pragati, Kumar Varun, Vats Pawan, Satish Rangu, Baltensperger Urs, Ganguly DilipORCID, Rastogi NeerajORCID, Sahu Lokesh K.ORCID, Tripathi Sachchida N., Prévôt André S. H.
Abstract
Abstract. Characteristics and sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
were investigated with highly time-resolved simultaneous measurements by two
proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometers (PTR-ToF-MS) at
an urban and a suburban site in New Delhi, India, from January to March 2018. During the measurement period, high mixing ratios of VOCs and trace gases
were observed, with high nocturnal mixing ratios and strong day–night
variations. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor model was
applied separately to the two sites, and six major factors of VOCs were
identified at both sites, i.e., two factors related to traffic emissions,
two to solid fuel combustion, and two secondary factors. At the urban site,
traffic-related emissions comprising mostly mono-aromatic compounds were the
dominant sources, contributing 56.6 % of the total mixing ratio, compared
to 36.0 % at the suburban site. Emissions from various solid fuel
combustion processes, particularly in the night, were identified as a
significant source of aromatics, phenols and furans at both sites. The
secondary factors accounted for 15.9 % of the total VOC concentration at
the urban site and for 33.6 % at the suburban site. They were dominated by
oxygenated VOCs and exhibited substantially higher contributions during
daytime.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
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