Chemical characterization of long-range transport biomass burning emissions to the Himalayas: insights from high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometry
-
Published:2018-04-05
Issue:7
Volume:18
Page:4617-4638
-
ISSN:1680-7324
-
Container-title:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:Atmos. Chem. Phys.
Author:
Zhang Xinghua, Xu Jianzhong, Kang Shichang, Liu Yanmei, Zhang QiORCID
Abstract
Abstract. An intensive field measurement was conducted at a remote, background,
high-altitude site (Qomolangma Station, QOMS, 4276 m a.s.l.) in the
northern Himalayas, using an Aerodyne high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol
mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) along with other collocated instruments. The
field measurement was performed from 12 April to 12 May 2016 to chemically
characterize the high time-resolved submicron particulate matter (PM1)
and obtain the dynamic processes (emissions, transport, and chemical
evolution) of biomass burning (BB), frequently transported from South Asia to
the Himalayas during pre-monsoon season. Overall, the average
(±1σ) PM1 mass concentration was
4.44 (±4.54) µg m−3 for the entire study, which is comparable with
those observed at other remote sites worldwide. Organic aerosol (OA) was the
dominant PM1 species (accounting for 54.3 % of total PM1 on
average) followed by black carbon (BC) (25.0 %), sulfate (9.3 %),
ammonium (5.8 %), nitrate (5.1 %), and chloride (0.4 %). The average
size distributions of PM1 species all peaked at an overlapping
accumulation mode (∼ 500 nm), suggesting that aerosol particles were
internally well-mixed and aged during long-range transport. Positive matrix
factorization (PMF) analysis on the high-resolution organic mass spectra
identified three distinct OA factors, including a BB-related OA (BBOA,
43.7 %), a nitrogen-containing OA (NOA, 13.9 %) and a more-oxidized
oxygenated OA (MO-OOA, 42.4 %). Two polluted episodes with enhanced
PM1 mass loadings and elevated BBOA contributions from the west and
southwest of QOMS during the study were observed. A typical BB plume was
investigated in detail to illustrate the chemical evolution of aerosol
characteristics under distinct air mass origins, meteorological conditions,
and atmospheric oxidation processes.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
Reference85 articles.
1. Aiken, A. C., DeCarlo, P. F., Kroll, J. H., Worsnop, D. R., Huffman, J. A.,
Docherty, K. S., Ulbrich, I. M., Mohr, C., Kimmel, J. R., Sueper, D., Sun,
Y., Zhang, Q., Trimborn, A., Northway, M., Ziemann, P. J., Canagaratna, M.
R., Onasch, T. B., Alfarra, M. R., Prevot, A. S. H., Dommen, J., Duplissy,
J., Metzger, A., Baltensperger, U., and Jimenez, J. L.: O ∕ C and OM ∕ OC
ratios of primary, secondary, and ambient organic aerosols with high-resolution
time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometry, Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 4478–4485,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es703009q, 2008. 2. Aiken, A. C., Salcedo, D., Cubison, M. J., Huffman, J. A., DeCarlo, P. F.,
Ulbrich, I. M., Docherty, K. S., Sueper, D., Kimmel, J. R., Worsnop, D. R.,
Trimborn, A., Northway, M., Stone, E. A., Schauer, J. J., Volkamer, R. M.,
Fortner, E., de Foy, B., Wang, J., Laskin, A., Shutthanandan, V., Zheng, J.,
Zhang, R., Gaffney, J., Marley, N. A., Paredes-Miranda, G., Arnott, W. P.,
Molina, L. T., Sosa, G., and Jimenez, J. L.: Mexico City aerosol analysis
during MILAGRO using high resolution aerosol mass spectrometry at the urban
supersite (T0) – Part 1: Fine particle composition and organic source
apportionment, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 6633–6653, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-6633-2009, 2009. 3. Alfarra, M. R., Coe, H., Allan, J. D., Bower, K. N., Boudries, H., Canagaratna,
M. R., Jimenez, J. L., Jayne, J. T., Garforth, A. A., Li, S.-M., and Worsnop,
D. R.: Characterization of urban and rural organic particulate in the Lower
Fraser Valley using two Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometers, Atmos. Environ.,
38, 5745–5758, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.01.054, 2004. 4. Alfarra, M. R., Prevot, A. S. H., Szidat, S., Sandradewi, J., Weimer, S., Lanz,
V. A., Schreiber, D., Mohr, M., and Baltensperger,<span id="page4634"/> U.: Identification of the
Mass Spectral Signature of Organic Aerosols from Wood Burning Emissions, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 41, 5770–5777, https://doi.org/10.1021/es062289b, 2007. 5. Bonasoni, P., Laj, P., Marinoni, A., Sprenger, M., Angelini, F., Arduini, J.,
Bonafè, U., Calzolari, F., Colombo, T., Decesari, S., Di Biagio, C., di Sarra,
A. G., Evangelisti, F., Duchi, R., Facchini, M. C., Fuzzi, S., Gobbi, G. P.,
Maione, M., Panday, A., Roccato, F., Sellegri, K., Venzac, H., Verza, G. P.,
Villani, P., Vuillermoz, E., and Cristofanelli, P.: Atmospheric Brown Clouds
in the Himalayas: first two years of continuous observations at the Nepal
Climate Observatory-Pyramid (5079 m), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7515–7531,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7515-2010, 2010.
Cited by
32 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
|
|