Retrieving tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> vertical column densities around the city of Beijing and estimating NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> emissions based on car MAX-DOAS measurements
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Published:2020-09-14
Issue:17
Volume:20
Page:10757-10774
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ISSN:1680-7324
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Container-title:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Atmos. Chem. Phys.
Author:
Cheng Xinghong, Ma JianzhongORCID, Jin Junli, Guo Junrang, Liu Yuelin, Peng Jida, Ma Xiaodan, Qian Minglong, Xia Qiang, Yan Peng
Abstract
Abstract. We carried out 19 city-circle-around car multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) experiments on the 6th Ring Road of Beijing in January, September, and October 2014. The
tropospheric vertical column densities (VCDs) of NO2 were retrieved
from measured spectra by the MAX-DOAS technique and used to estimate the emissions of NOx (≡NO+NO2) from urban Beijing during the
experimental periods. The offline LAPS-WRF-CMAQ model system was used to
simulate the wind fields by assimilation of observational data and calculate
the NO2-to-NOx concentration ratios, both of which are also needed
for the estimation of NOx emissions. The NOx emissions in urban
Beijing for the different months derived from the car MAX-DOAS measurements in this study were compared to the multi-resolution emission inventory in
China for 2012 (MEIC 2012). Our car MAX-DOAS measurements showed higher NO2 VCD in January than in the other two months. The wind field had
obvious impacts on the spatial distribution of NO2 VCD, with the mean
NO2 VCD along the 6th Ring Road typically being higher under the southerly wind than under the northerly wind. In addition to the seasonal difference, the
journey-to-journey variations of estimated NOx emission rates (ENOx) were large even within the same month, mainly due to
uncertainties in the calculations of wind speed, the ratio of NO2 and
NOx concentration, and the decay rate of NOx from the emission
sources to the measured positions under different meteorological conditions.
The ranges of ENOx during the heating and non-heating periods
were 22.6×1025 to 31.3×1025 and 9.6×1025 to 12.0×1025 molec. s−1, respectively. The average ENOx values in the heating and
non-heating periods were 26.9±6.1×1025 molec. s−1 and 11.0±1.2×1025 molec. s−1,
respectively. The uncertainty range of ENOx was 20 %–52 %. The monthly
emission rates from MEIC 2012 are found to be lower than the estimated
ENOx, particularly in January. Our results provide important
information and datasets for the validation of satellite products and also
show how car MAX-DOAS measurements can be used effectively for dynamic monitoring and updating of the NOx emissions from megacities such as
Beijing.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
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