Bio-optical characterization of subsurface chlorophyll maxima in the Mediterranean Sea from a Biogeochemical-Argo float database
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Published:2019-04-01
Issue:6
Volume:16
Page:1321-1342
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ISSN:1726-4189
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Container-title:Biogeosciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Biogeosciences
Author:
Barbieux Marie, Uitz Julia, Gentili Bernard, Pasqueron de Fommervault Orens, Mignot Alexandre, Poteau AntoineORCID, Schmechtig Catherine, Taillandier VincentORCID, Leymarie EdouardORCID, Penkerc'h Christophe, D'Ortenzio Fabrizio, Claustre HervéORCID, Bricaud Annick
Abstract
Abstract. As commonly observed in oligotrophic stratified waters, a subsurface (or
deep) chlorophyll maximum (SCM) frequently characterizes the vertical
distribution of phytoplankton chlorophyll in the Mediterranean Sea.
Occurring far from the surface layer “seen” by ocean colour satellites,
SCMs are difficult to observe with adequate spatio-temporal resolution and
their biogeochemical impact remains unknown. Biogeochemical-Argo (BGC-Argo)
profiling floats represent appropriate tools for studying the dynamics of
SCMs. Based on data collected from 36 BGC-Argo floats deployed in the
Mediterranean Sea, our study aims to address two main questions. (1) What
are the different types of SCMs in the Mediterranean Sea? (2) Which
environmental factors control their occurrence and dynamics? First, we
analysed the seasonal and regional variations in the chlorophyll
concentration (Chl a), particulate backscattering coefficient (bbp), a
proxy of the particulate organic carbon (POC) and environmental parameters
(photosynthetically active radiation and nitrates) within the SCM layer over the Mediterranean Basin. The
vertical profiles of Chl a and bbp were then statistically classified and the seasonal occurrence of each of the different types of SCMs
quantified. Finally, a case study was performed on two contrasted regions
and the environmental conditions at depth were further investigated to
understand the main controls on the SCMs. In the eastern basin, SCMs result,
at a first order, from a photoacclimation process. Conversely, SCMs in the
western basin reflect a biomass increase at depth benefiting from both light
and nitrate resources. Our results also suggest that a variety of
intermediate types of SCMs are encountered between these two endmember
situations.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Earth-Surface Processes,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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