Sounding of sporadic E layers from China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) radio occultation and comparing with ionosonde measurements
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Published:2022-07-07
Issue:4
Volume:40
Page:463-474
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ISSN:1432-0576
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Container-title:Annales Geophysicae
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Ann. Geophys.
Author:
Gan Chengkun, Hu Jiayu, Luo Xiaomin, Xiong ChaoORCID, Gu Shengfeng
Abstract
Abstract. GNSS radio occultation (RO) plays an important role in
ionospheric electron density inversion and sounding of sporadic E layers. As
China's first electromagnetic satellite, China Seismo-Electromagnetic
Satellite (CSES) has collected the RO data from both GPS and BDS-2
satellites since March 2018. In this study, we extracted the signal-to-noise
ratio (SNR) data of CSES and calculated the standard deviation of normalized
SNR. A new criterion is developed to determine the Es events, that is, when
the mean value of the absolute value of the difference between the
normalized SNR is greater than 3 times the standard deviation. The
statistics show that sporadic E layers have strong seasonal variations with
highest occurrence rates in summer season at middle latitudes. It is also
found that the occurrence height of Es is mainly located at 90–110 km, and
the period 14:00–20:00 LT is the high incidence period of Es. In
addition, the geometric altitudes of a sporadic E layer detected in CSES
radio occultation profiles and the virtual heights of a sporadic E layer
obtained by the Wuhan Zuoling station (ZLT) ionosonde show three different
space-time matching criteria. Our results reveal that there is a good
agreement between both parameters which is reflected in the significant
correlation.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Space and Planetary Science,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous),Atmospheric Science,Geology,Astronomy and Astrophysics
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