Global oceanic diazotroph database version 2 and elevated estimate of global oceanic N2 fixation

Author:

Shao ZhiboORCID,Xu YangchunORCID,Wang Hua,Luo Weicheng,Wang Lice,Huang Yuhong,Agawin Nona Sheila R.,Ahmed Ayaz,Benavides MarORCID,Bentzon-Tilia Mikkel,Berman-Frank IlanaORCID,Berthelot HugoORCID,Biegala Isabelle C.,Bif Mariana B.,Bode Antonio,Bonnet Sophie,Bronk Deborah A.,Brown Mark V.,Campbell Lisa,Capone Douglas G.ORCID,Carpenter Edward J.,Cassar NicolasORCID,Chang Bonnie X.,Chappell Dreux,Chen Yuh-ling Lee,Church Matthew J.,Cornejo-Castillo Francisco M.,Detoni Amália Maria Sacilotto,Doney Scott C.ORCID,Dupouy CecileORCID,Estrada MartaORCID,Fernandez Camila,Fernández-Castro BieitoORCID,Fonseca-Batista Debany,Foster Rachel A.,Furuya Ken,Garcia Nicole,Goto Kanji,Gago Jesús,Gradoville Mary R.,Hamersley M. RobertORCID,Henke Britt A.,Hörstmann Cora,Jayakumar AmalORCID,Jiang Zhibing,Kao Shuh-Ji,Karl David M.,Kittu Leila R.ORCID,Knapp Angela N.ORCID,Kumar Sanjeev,LaRoche Julie,Liu HongbinORCID,Liu Jiaxing,Lory Caroline,Löscher Carolin R.ORCID,Marañón EmilioORCID,Messer Lauren F.,Mills Matthew M.,Mohr Wiebke,Moisander Pia H.,Mahaffey Claire,Moore Robert,Mouriño-Carballido Beatriz,Mulholland Margaret R.,Nakaoka Shin-ichiroORCID,Needoba Joseph A.,Raes Eric J.,Rahav Eyal,Ramírez-Cárdenas Teodoro,Reeder Christian Furbo,Riemann Lasse,Riou Virginie,Robidart Julie C.,Sarma Vedula V. S. S.,Sato Takuya,Saxena HimanshuORCID,Selden CordayORCID,Seymour Justin R.,Shi Dalin,Shiozaki Takuhei,Singh ArvindORCID,Sipler Rachel E.,Sun JunORCID,Suzuki KojiORCID,Takahashi Kazutaka,Tan Yehui,Tang WeiyiORCID,Tremblay Jean-Éric,Turk-Kubo Kendra,Wen Zuozhu,White Angelicque E.,Wilson Samuel T.ORCID,Yoshida Takashi,Zehr Jonathan P.,Zhang Run,Zhang Yao,Luo Ya-WeiORCID

Abstract

Abstract. Marine diazotrophs convert dinitrogen (N2) gas into bioavailable nitrogen (N), supporting life in the global ocean. In 2012, the first version of the global oceanic diazotroph database (version 1) was published. Here, we present an updated version of the database (version 2), significantly increasing the number of in situ diazotrophic measurements from 13 565 to 55 286. Data points for N2 fixation rates, diazotrophic cell abundance, and nifH gene copy abundance have increased by 184 %, 86 %, and 809 %, respectively. Version 2 includes two new data sheets for the nifH gene copy abundance of non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs and cell-specific N2 fixation rates. The measurements of N2 fixation rates approximately follow a log-normal distribution in both version 1 and version 2. However, version 2 considerably extends both the left and right tails of the distribution. Consequently, when estimating global oceanic N2 fixation rates using the geometric means of different ocean basins, version 1 and version 2 yield similar rates (43–57 versus 45–63 Tg N yr−1; ranges based on one geometric standard error). In contrast, when using arithmetic means, version 2 suggests a significantly higher rate of 223±30 Tg N yr−1 (mean ± standard error; same hereafter) compared to version 1 (74±7 Tg N yr−1). Specifically, substantial rate increases are estimated for the South Pacific Ocean (88±23 versus 20±2 Tg N yr−1), primarily driven by measurements in the southwestern subtropics, and for the North Atlantic Ocean (40±9 versus 10±2 Tg N yr−1). Moreover, version 2 estimates the N2 fixation rate in the Indian Ocean to be 35±14 Tg N yr−1, which could not be estimated using version 1 due to limited data availability. Furthermore, a comparison of N2 fixation rates obtained through different measurement methods at the same months, locations, and depths reveals that the conventional 15N2 bubble method yields lower rates in 69 % cases compared to the new 15N2 dissolution method. This updated version of the database can facilitate future studies in marine ecology and biogeochemistry. The database is stored at the Figshare repository (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.21677687; Shao et al., 2022).

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

Copernicus GmbH

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences

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