Abstract
Abstract. Accurate simulations of soil respiration and carbon
dioxide (CO2) fluxes are critical to project global biogeochemical
cycles and the magnitude of carbon–climate feedbacks in Earth system models
(ESMs). Currently, soil respiration is not represented well in ESMs, and few
studies have attempted to address this deficiency. In this study, we
evaluated the simulation of soil respiration in the Energy Exascale Earth
System Model (E3SM) land model version 0 (ELMv0) using long-term
observations from the Missouri Ozark AmeriFlux (MOFLUX) forest site in the
central US. Simulations using the default model parameters underestimated
soil water potential (SWP) during peak growing seasons and overestimated SWP
during non-growing seasons and consequently underestimated annual soil
respiration and gross primary production (GPP). A site-specific soil water
retention curve greatly improved model simulations of SWP, GPP, and soil
respiration. However, the model continued to underestimate the seasonal and
interannual variabilities and the impact of the extreme drought in 2012.
Potential reasons may include inadequate representations of vegetation
mortality, the soil moisture function, and the dynamics of microbial
organisms and soil macroinvertebrates. Our results indicate that the
simulations of mean annual GPP and soil respiration can be significantly
improved by better model representations of the soil water retention curve.
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