Representation of the autoconversion from cloud to rain using a weighted ensemble approach: a case study using WRF v4.1.3
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Published:2022-01-27
Issue:2
Volume:15
Page:771-786
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ISSN:1991-9603
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Container-title:Geoscientific Model Development
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Geosci. Model Dev.
Author:
Yin Jinfang,Liang Xudong,Wang Hong,Xue Haile
Abstract
Abstract. Cloud and precipitation processes remain among the largest sources
of uncertainties in weather and climate modelling, and considerable attention
has been paid to improving the representation of the cloud and precipitation
processes in numerical models in the last several decades. In this study, we
develop a weighted ensemble (named EN) scheme by employing several widely
used autoconversion (ATC) schemes to represent the ATC from cloud water to
rainwater. One unique feature of the EN approach is that the ATC rate is a
weighted mean value based on the calculations from several ATC schemes
within a microphysics scheme with a negligible increase in computation cost.
The EN scheme is compared with the several commonly used ATC schemes by
performing real case simulations. In terms of accumulated rainfall and
extreme hourly rainfall rate, the EN scheme provides better simulations than by using the single Berry–Reinhardt scheme, which was originally used in
the Thompson scheme. It is worth emphasizing, in the present study, that we only
pay attention to the ATC process from cloud water into rainwater with the
purpose of improving the modelling of the extreme rainfall events over southern
China. Actually, any (source and sink) term in a cloud microphysics scheme can
be treated with the same approach. The ensemble method proposed herein
appears to have important implications for developing cloud microphysics
schemes in numerical models, especially for the models with variable grid
resolution, which would be expected to improve the representation of cloud
microphysical processes in the weather and climate models.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China National Key Research and Development Program of China
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
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