Characterizing the surface microlayer in the Mediterranean Sea: trace metal concentrations and microbial plankton abundance
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Published:2020-04-30
Issue:8
Volume:17
Page:2349-2364
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ISSN:1726-4189
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Container-title:Biogeosciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Biogeosciences
Author:
Tovar-Sánchez AntonioORCID, Rodríguez-Romero Araceli, Engel AnjaORCID, Zäncker Birthe, Fu Franck, Marañón EmilioORCID, Pérez-Lorenzo María, Bressac MatthieuORCID, Wagener ThibautORCID, Triquet SylvainORCID, Siour Guillaume, Desboeufs Karine, Guieu CécileORCID
Abstract
Abstract. The Sea Surface Microlayer (SML) is known to be enriched by trace metals
relative to the underlying water and harbor diverse microbial
communities (i.e., neuston). However, the processes linking metals and biota
in the SML are not yet fully understood. The metal (Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Mo,
V, Zn and Pb) concentrations in aerosol samples in the SML (dissolved and
total fractions) and in subsurface waters (SSWs; dissolved fraction at
∼1 m depth) from the western Mediterranean Sea were analyzed
in this study during a cruise in May–June 2017. The composition and
abundance of the bacterial community in the SML and SSW, the primary
production, and Chl a in the SSW were measured simultaneously at all stations
during the cruise. Residence times in the SML of metals derived from aerosol
depositions were highly variable and ranged from minutes for Fe (3.6±6.0 min) to a few hours for Cu (5.8±6.2 h). Concentrations of most
of the dissolved metals in both the SML and SSW were positively correlated
with the salinity gradient and showed the characteristic eastward increase
in the surface waters of the Mediterranean Sea (MS). In contrast, the total
fraction of some reactive metals in the SML (i.e., Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn) showed
a negative correlation with salinity and a positive correlation with
microbial abundance, which might be associated with microbial uptake. Our
results show a strong negative correlation between the dissolved and total
Ni concentration and heterotrophic bacterial abundance in the SML and SSW,
but we cannot ascertain whether this correlation reflects a toxicity effect
or is the result of some other process.
Funder
European Commission
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Earth-Surface Processes,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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