Abstract
Abstract. Recent flood dynamics of the Mekong Delta have raised concerns about an
increased flood risk downstream in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Accelerated
high dike building on the floodplains of the upper delta to allow triple
cropping of rice has been linked to higher river water levels in the
downstream city of Can Tho. This paper assesses the hydraulic impacts of
upstream dike construction on the flood hazard downstream in the Vietnamese
Mekong Delta. We combined the existing one-dimensional (1-D) Mekong Delta
hydrodynamic model with a quasi-two-dimensional (2-D) approach. First we
calibrated and validated the model using flood data from 2011 and 2013. We
then applied the model to explore the downstream water dynamics under various
scenarios of high dike construction in An Giang Province and the Long Xuyen
Quadrangle. Calculations of water balances allowed us to trace the
propagation and distribution of flood volumes over the delta under the
different scenarios. Model results indicate that extensive construction of
high dikes on the upstream floodplains has had limited effect on peak river
water levels downstream in Can Tho. Instead, the model shows that the impacts
of dike construction, in terms of peak river water levels, are concentrated
and amplified in the upstream reaches of the delta. According to our water
balance analysis, river water levels in Can Tho have remained relatively
stable, as greater volumes of floodwater have been diverted away from the
Long Xuyen Quadrangle than the retention volume lost due to dike
construction. Our findings expand on previous work on the impacts of water
control infrastructure on flood risk and floodwater regimes across the delta.
Subject
General Earth and Planetary Sciences,General Engineering,General Environmental Science
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