<i>†</i><i>Cretolixon</i> – a remarkable new genus of rhopalosomatid wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea: Rhopalosomatidae) from chemically tested, mid-Cretaceous Burmese (Kachin) amber supports the monophyly of Rhopalosomatinae
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Published:2020-12-11
Issue:2
Volume:23
Page:215-236
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ISSN:2193-0074
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Container-title:Fossil Record
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Foss. Rec.
Author:
Lohrmann VolkerORCID, Zhang Qi, Michalik Peter, Blaschke Jeremy, Müller Patrick, Jeanneau Laurent, Perrichot VincentORCID
Abstract
Abstract. Rhopalosomatidae, currently considered the sister group
of the Vespidae, are an enigmatic family of aculeate wasps that originated
in the Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous. Despite their considerable age,
very few fossils of the family have been reported – all of them in amber
(Miocene Dominican, Miocene Mexican, and mid-Cretaceous Burmese ambers).
Here we report a new mid-Cretaceous rhopalosomatid wasp, Cretolixon alatum Lohrmann, gen.
et sp. nov., from Burmese (Kachin) amber. This new genus has a unique
mixture of characters, some of which are only known from the recent
brachypterous genus Olixon and others of which are known only from the recent macropterous genera.
Thus, Cretolixon Lohrmann, gen. nov. not only provides further evidence for the
monophyly of the family but also contributes evidence for the monophyly of
the Rhopalosomatinae. Key characters of the family are discussed, and an
updated checklist of the world genera and fossil species and occurrences of
Rhopalosomatidae is provided. Additionally, a chemical analysis was
performed for three of the newly reported fossils as well as for the amber
piece containing the rhopalosomatid larva described by Lohrmann and Engel (2017) to ascertain their amber vs. copal nature and their affinities with
each other and previously described Burmese amber.
Funder
Studienstiftung des Deutschen Volkes
Publisher
Pensoft Publishers
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