Role of moisture transport for Central American precipitation
-
Published:2017-02-28
Issue:1
Volume:8
Page:147-161
-
ISSN:2190-4987
-
Container-title:Earth System Dynamics
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:Earth Syst. Dynam.
Author:
Durán-Quesada Ana María,Gimeno Luis,Amador Jorge
Abstract
Abstract. A climatology of moisture sources linked with Central American precipitation was computed based upon Lagrangian trajectories for the analysis period 1980–2013. The response of the annual cycle of precipitation in terms of moisture supply from the sources was analysed. Regional precipitation patterns are mostly driven by moisture transport from the Caribbean Sea (CS). Moisture supply from the eastern tropical Pacific (ETPac) and northern South America (NSA) exhibits a strong seasonal pattern but weaker compared to CS. The regional distribution of rainfall is largely influenced by a local signal associated with surface fluxes during the first part of the rainy season, whereas large-scale dynamics forces rainfall during the second part of the rainy season. The Caribbean Low Level Jet (CLLJ) and the Chocó Jet (CJ) are the main conveyors of regional moisture, being key to define the seasonality of large-scale forced rainfall. Therefore, interannual variability of rainfall is highly dependent of the regional LLJs to the atmospheric variability modes. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was found to be the dominant mode affecting moisture supply for Central American precipitation via the modulation of regional phenomena. Evaporative sources show opposite anomaly patterns during warm and cold ENSO phases, as a result of the strengthening and weakening, respectively, of the CLLJ during the summer months. Trends in both moisture supply and precipitation over the last three decades were computed, results suggest that precipitation trends are not homogeneous for Central America. Trends in moisture supply from the sources identified show a marked north–south seesaw, with an increasing supply from the CS Sea to northern Central America. Long-term trends in moisture supply are larger for the transition months (March and October). This might have important implications given that any changes in the conditions seen during the transition to the rainy season may induce stronger precipitation trends.
Funder
Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad de Costa Rica
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Reference62 articles.
1. Aguilar, E., Peterson, T. C., Obando, P. R., Frutos, R., Retana, J. A., Solera, M., Soley, J., García, I. G., Araujo, R. M., Santos, A. R., and Valle, V. E.: Changes in precipitation and temperature extremes in Central America and northern South America, 1961–2003, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 110, D23107, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006119, 2005. 2. Aide, T. M., Clark, M. L., Grau, H. R., López-Carr, D., Levy, M. A., Redo, D., Bonilla-Moheno, M., Riner, G., Andrade-Núñez, M. J., and Muñiz, M.: Deforestation and reforestation of Latin America and the Caribbean (2001–2010), Biotropica, 45, 262–271, 2013. 3. Alfaro, E., Pérez-Briceño, P. M., and Facio, R.: Análisis del impacto de fenómenos meteorológicos en Costa Rica, América Central, originados en los mares circundantes, Revista de Climatología, 14, 1–11, 2014. 4. Amador, J. A.: A climatic feature of the tropical Americas: The trade wind easterly jet, Tópicos meteorológicos y oceanográficos, 5, 91–102, 1998. 5. Amador, J. A.: The intra-Americas sea low-level jet, Ann. New York Acad. Sci., 1146, 153–188, 2008.
Cited by
67 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
|
|