Frequency of large volcanic eruptions over the past 200 000 years
-
Published:2023-01-06
Issue:1
Volume:19
Page:23-33
-
ISSN:1814-9332
-
Container-title:Climate of the Past
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:Clim. Past
Author:
Wolff Eric W.ORCID, Burke AndreaORCID, Crick LauraORCID, Doyle Emily A., Innes Helen M., Mahony Sue H., Rae James W. B.ORCID, Severi MirkoORCID, Sparks R. Stephen J.
Abstract
Abstract. Volcanic eruptions are the dominant cause of natural variability in climate forcing on timescales up to multidecadal. Large volcanic eruptions lead to global-scale climate effects and influence the carbon cycle on long timescales. However, estimating the frequency of eruptions is challenging. Here we assess the frequency at which eruptions with particular deposition fluxes are observed in the EPICA Dome C ice core over the last
200 kyr. Using S isotope analysis we confirm that most of the largest peaks recorded at Dome C are from stratospheric eruptions. The cumulative
frequency through 200 kyr is close to linear, suggesting an approximately
constant rate of eruptions. There is no evidence for an increase in the rate of events recorded in Antarctica at either of the last two deglaciations. Millennial variability is at the level expected from recording small numbers of eruptions, while multimillennial variability may be partly due to changes in transport efficiency through the Brewer–Dobson circulation. Our record of events with sulfate deposition rates > 20 and >50 mg m−2 contains 678 and 75 eruptions, respectively, over the last 200 kyr. Calibration with data on historic eruptions and analysis of a global Quaternary dataset of terrestrial eruptions indicates that sulfate peaks with deposition rates > 20 and >50 mg m−2 correspond to explosive eruptions of magnitude ≥ 6.5 and ≥7, respectively. The largest recorded eruption deposited just over 300 mg m−2.
Funder
Leverhulme Trust Royal Society H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Paleontology,Stratigraphy,Global and Planetary Change
Reference48 articles.
1. Barnes, P. R. F., Wolff, E. W., Mader, H. M., Udisti, R., Castellano, E.,
and Rothlisberger, R.: Evolution of chemical peak shapes in the Dome C,
Antarctica, ice core, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4126, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002538, 2003. 2. Baroni, M., Savarino, J., Cole-Dai, J. H., Rai, V. K., and Thiemens, M. H.:
Anomalous sulfur isotope compositions of volcanic sulfate over the last
millennium in Antarctic ice cores, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 113, D20112, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jd010185, 2008. 3. Bazin, L., Landais, A., Lemieux-Dudon, B., Toyé Mahamadou Kele, H., Veres, D., Parrenin, F., Martinerie, P., Ritz, C., Capron, E., Lipenkov, V., Loutre, M.-F., Raynaud, D., Vinther, B., Svensson, A., Rasmussen, S. O., Severi, M., Blunier, T., Leuenberger, M., Fischer, H., Masson-Delmotte, V., Chappellaz, J., and Wolff, E.: An optimized multi-proxy, multi-site Antarctic ice and gas orbital chronology (AICC2012): 120–800 ka, Clim. Past, 9, 1715–1731, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1715-2013, 2013. 4. Bazin, L., Landais, A., Lemieux-Dudon, B., Toyé Mahamadou Kele, H., Veres, D., Parrenin, F., Martinerie, P., Ritz, C., Capron, E., Lipenkov, V. Y., Loutre, M. F., Raynaud, D., Vinther, B. M., Svensson, A. M., Rasmussen, S. O., Severi, M., Blunier, T., Leuenberger, M. C., Fischer, H., Masson-Delmotte, V., Chappellaz, J. A., and Wolff, E. W.: AICC2012 chronology for ice core EDC, PANGAEA [data set], https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.824894, 2022. 5. Brown, S. K., Crosweller, H. S., Sparks, R. S. J., Cottrell, E., Deligne, N.
I., Guerrero, N. O., Hobbs, L., Kiyosugi, K., Loughlin, S. C., Siebert, L.,
and Takarada, S.: Characterisation of the Quaternary eruption record: analysis of the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE)
database, J. Appl. Volcanol., 3, 5, https://doi.org/10.1186/2191-5040-3-5, 2014.
Cited by
1 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
|
|