Multiple nitrogen sources for primary production inferred from δ13C and δ15N in the southern Sea of Japan
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Published:2023-09-13
Issue:17
Volume:20
Page:3667-3682
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ISSN:1726-4189
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Container-title:Biogeosciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Biogeosciences
Author:
Kodama TaketoshiORCID, Nishimoto Atsushi, Nakamura Ken-ichi, Nakae Misato, Iguchi Naoki, Igeta Yosuke, Kogure Yoichi
Abstract
Abstract. Carbon and nitrogen dynamics in the Sea of Japan (SOJ) are rapidly
changing. In this study, we investigated the carbon and nitrogen isotope
ratios of particulate organic matter (δ13CPOM and δ15NPOM, respectively) at depths of ≤100 m in the southern
part of the SOJ from 2016 to 2021. δ13CPOM and δ15NPOM exhibited multimodal distributions and were classified
as belonging to four classes (I–IV) according to the Gaussian mixed model. A majority
of the samples were classified as class II (n=441), with a mean ± standard deviation of δ13CPOM and δ15NPOM of -23.7±1.2 ‰ and 3.1 ± 1.2 ‰, respectively. Compared to class II, class I had
significantly low δ15NPOM (-2.1±0.8 ‰, n=11), class III had low δ13CPOM (-27.1±1.0 ‰, n=21), and
class IV had high δ13CPOM (-20.7±0.8 ‰, n=34). All the class I samples, whose δ15NPOM showed an outlier of total datasets, were collected in
winter and had a comparable temperature and salinity originating in Japanese
local rivers. The generalized linear model demonstrated that the temperature
and chlorophyll-a concentration had positive effects on δ13CPOM, supporting the idea that the active photosynthesis and phytoplankton
growth increased δ13CPOM. However, the fluctuation in
δ15NPOM was attributed to the temperature and salinity
rather than nitrate concentration, which suggested that the δ15N of source nitrogen for primary production is different among the
water masses. These findings suggest that multiple nitrogen sources,
including nitrates from the East China Sea, Kuroshio, and Japanese local
rivers, contribute to the primary production in the SOJ.
Funder
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency Fisheries Agency
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Earth-Surface Processes,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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