The importance of turbulent ocean–sea ice nutrient exchanges for simulation of ice algal biomass and production with CICE6.1 and Icepack 1.2
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Published:2022-01-31
Issue:2
Volume:15
Page:841-857
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ISSN:1991-9603
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Container-title:Geoscientific Model Development
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Geosci. Model Dev.
Author:
Duarte PedroORCID, Assmy Philipp, Campbell Karley, Sundfjord Arild
Abstract
Abstract. Different sea ice models apply unique approaches in the
computation of nutrient diffusion between the ocean and the ice bottom,
which are generally decoupled from the calculation of turbulent heat flux.
A simple molecular diffusion formulation is often used. We argue that
nutrient transfer from the ocean to sea ice should be as consistent as
possible with heat transfer, since all of these fluxes respond to varying
forcing in a similar fashion. We hypothesize that biogeochemical models
that do not consider such turbulent nutrient exchanges between the ocean
and the sea ice, despite considering brine drainage and bulk exchanges
through ice freezing and melting, may underestimate bottom-ice algal production.
The Los Alamos Sea Ice Model (CICE + Icepack) was used to test this
hypothesis by comparing simulations without and with diffusion of nutrients
across the sea ice bottom that are dependent on velocity shear, implemented in a way that
is consistent with turbulent heat exchanges. Simulation results support the
hypothesis, showing a significant enhancement of ice algal production and
biomass when nutrient limitation was relieved by bottom-ice turbulent
exchange. Our results emphasize the potentially critical role of turbulent
exchanges to sea ice algal blooms and thus the importance of properly
representing them in biogeochemical models. The relevance of this becomes
even more apparent considering ongoing trends in the Arctic Ocean, with a
predictable shift from light-limited to nutrient-limited growth of ice algae earlier
in the spring, as the sea ice becomes more fractured and thinner with a
larger fraction of young ice with thin snow cover.
Funder
European Commission Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
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