Abstract
Abstract. We utilized the global atmospheric reanalysis ERA5 and reconstructed sea
surface temperature (SST) data from 1979 through 2020 to examine the
stability of the relationship between the SST oscillations in the southern
Indian Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean, as described by the Subtropical Indian Ocean Dipole (SIOD) and South Atlantic Ocean Dipole (SAOD) indices, respectively. We note a significant positive correlation between the two indices prior to the year 2000 but practically no correlation afterwards. We show that in the two decades prior to 2000, a positive phase of the SAOD is associated with more convective activities over the subtropical southern Atlantic Ocean and eastern Brazil, which trigger a stronger upper-atmosphere wavetrain. This produces stronger southern subtropical highs and surface anti-cyclonic circulations and therefore a stronger correlation between the two indices. The situation is reversed after 2000. Our results are potentially applicable to predictions of precipitation in southern Africa and South America.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
European Commission
Cited by
3 articles.
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