Mobile MAX-DOAS observations of tropospheric NO2 and HCHO during summer over the Three Rivers' Source region in China
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Published:2023-03-27
Issue:6
Volume:23
Page:3655-3677
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ISSN:1680-7324
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Container-title:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Atmos. Chem. Phys.
Author:
Cheng Siyang, Cheng Xinghong, Ma JianzhongORCID, Xu Xiangde, Zhang Wenqian, Lv Jinguang, Bai Gang, Chen Bing, Ma Siying, Ziegler SteffenORCID, Donner SebastianORCID, Wagner Thomas
Abstract
Abstract. The tropospheric concentrations of nitrogen dioxide
(NO2) and formaldehyde (HCHO) have high spatio-temporal variability,
and in situ observations of these trace gases are still scarce, especially in
remote background areas. We made four similar circling journeys of mobile multi-axis differential optical
absorption spectroscopy
(MAX-DOAS) measurements in the Three Rivers' Source region over the Tibetan
Plateau in summer (18–30 July) 2021 for the first time. The differential
slant column densities (DSCDs) of NO2 and HCHO were retrieved from the
measured spectra, with very weak absorptions along the driving routes. The
tropospheric NO2 and HCHO vertical column densities (VCDs) were
calculated from their DSCDs by the geometric approximation method, and they
were further filtered to form reliable data sets by eliminating the
influences of sunlight shelters and the vehicle's vibration and bumpiness. The
observational data show that the tropospheric NO2 and HCHO VCDs
decreased with the increasing altitude of the driving route, whose
background levels ± standard deviations were 0.40 ± 1.13×1015 molec. cm−2 for NO2 and 2.27±1.66×1015 molec. cm−2 for HCHO in
July 2021 over the Three Rivers' Source region. The NO2 VCDs show
similar geographical distribution patterns between the different circling
journeys, but the levels of the HCHO VCDs are different between the
different circling journeys. The elevated NO2 VCDs along the driving
routes usually corresponded to enhanced transport emissions from the
towns crossed. However, the spatial distributions of the HCHO VCDs depended
significantly on natural and meteorological conditions, such as surface
temperature. By comparing TROPOMI satellite products and mobile MAX-DOAS
results, we found that TROPOMI NO2 and HCHO VCDs have large positive
offsets in the background atmosphere over the main area of the Three Rivers'
Source. Our study provides valuable data sets and information of NO2
and HCHO over the Tibetan Plateau, benefitting the scientific community in
investigating the spatio-temporal evolution of atmospheric composition in
the background atmosphere at high altitudes, validating and improving the
satellite products over mountain terrains, and evaluating the model's
ability to simulate atmospheric chemistry over the Tibetan Plateau.
Funder
Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of China
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
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