Abstract
Abstract. Atmospheric stability has a significant effect on wind shear and turbulence
intensity, and these variables, in turn, have a direct impact on wind power
production and loads on wind turbines. It is therefore important to know how
to characterise atmospheric stability in order to make better energy yield
estimation in a wind farm. Based on the research-grade meteorological mast at Alaiz (CENER's test site in
Navarre, Spain) named MP5, this work compares and evaluates different
instrument set-ups and methodologies for stability characterisation, namely
the Obukhov parameter, measured with a sonic anemometer, and the bulk
Richardson number based on two temperature and one wind speed measurement.
The methods are examined considering their theoretical background,
implementation complexity, instrumentation requirements, and practical use in
connection to wind energy applications. The sonic method provides a more
precise local measurement of stability while the bulk Richardson is a simpler,
robust and cost-effective technique to implement in wind assessment
campaigns. Using the sonic method as a benchmark, it is shown that to obtain
reliable bulk Richardson measurements in onshore sites it is necessary to install
one of the temperature sensors close to the ground where the temperature
gradient is stronger.
Subject
Energy Engineering and Power Technology,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
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