Abstract
Abstract. The combination of anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis technologies could be a
novel energy-biochar production system to maximize energy and nutrient
recovery from pulp and paper mill sludge. Herein, the life-cycle energy
production and emissions reduction of sludge treatment from a typical pulp
and paper mill were investigated, in which alternative uses of biogas for
industrial or household application, in different regions of the world, were
assessed. The three scenarios considered for different end-uses of biogas
are: (A) biogas for vehicle fuel in the transportation sector in Sweden, (B) biogas for heat and electricity in the power sector in Brazil, and (C) biogas for cooking in households in China. The results of Environmental
Life-Cycle Assessment (E-LCA) show that for all these three scenarios, the
use of biogas and pyrolysis gas contributes most to emissions mitigation,
while the dewatering and drying processes carried out on the sludge,
contribute the most to the environmental emissions. Addition of biochar to
the soil, contributes significantly to a reduction in global warming by
sequestering carbon in the soil. Compared to scenarios B and C, Scenario A,
in which biogas substitutes gasoline in transportation, and heat from
combusted pyrolysis gases is used for district heating in Sweden,
demonstrates the highest environmental performance for all the evaluated
impact categories.
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