Production of synthetic tetraploids as a tool for polyploid research
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Published:2018-09-07
Issue:2
Volume:18
Page:129-141
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ISSN:1399-1183
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Container-title:Web Ecology
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Web Ecol.
Author:
Castro MarianaORCID, Castro SílviaORCID, Loureiro João
Abstract
Abstract. Polyploidization has been traditionally considered a phenomenon that mediates
ecological differentiation; however, the adaptive value of genome
duplications has been seldom explored. Natural or synthetic polyploids offer
unique opportunities to experimentally quantify the immediate consequences of
genome duplications in plant traits that may be involved with ecological
differentiation. Jasione maritima is a diploid-tetraploid complex
with cytotypes distributed allopatrically in an environmental gradient ideal
for exploring the role of genome duplications in the success of polyploid
lineages. However, like in numerous other polyploid complexes, neotetraploids
of J. maritima have not been found in nature. In this study we
developed a methodology to obtain synthetic tetraploids from seeds collected
in wild diploid plants of J. maritima. We tested the effect of
different colchicine concentrations and seedling ages in survival and
polyploidization success of J. maritima seedlings, using flow
cytometry to assess ploidy level and considering the population of origin. A
methodology to synchronize seed germination was also explored.
Synchronization of seed germination was best achieved using a cold treatment
of 2 weeks before the transference to a growth chamber. An overall survival
rate of 11.5±0.7 % and further tetraploid conversion of 35.6±2.9 % was obtained using 3-day-old seedlings of J. maritima.
Survival rates were variable depending on colchicine treatment (the highest
the most lethal) and seedling origin (i.e. population), while conversion rate
was similar across these factors and high rates of tetraploid conversion were
obtained. Considering that the main constraint was survival to the colchicine
treatment, we suggest the use of the lowest colchicine concentration tested,
i.e. 0.1 % colchicine. The use of older seedlings increased survival
rates but, in many cases, compromised a complete tetraploid conversion,
generating many diploid-tetraploid mixoploid plants.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Ecology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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