Summertime and wintertime atmospheric processes of secondary aerosol in Beijing
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Published:2020-03-31
Issue:6
Volume:20
Page:3793-3807
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ISSN:1680-7324
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Container-title:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Atmos. Chem. Phys.
Author:
Duan Jing, Huang Ru-Jin, Li YongjieORCID, Chen Qi, Zheng Yan, Chen YangORCID, Lin ChunshuiORCID, Ni Haiyan, Wang Meng, Ovadnevaite Jurgita, Ceburnis Darius, Chen Chunying, Worsnop Douglas R., Hoffmann Thorsten, O'Dowd Colin, Cao Junji
Abstract
Abstract. Secondary aerosol constitutes a large fraction of fine particles in urban
air of China. However, its formation mechanisms and atmospheric processes
remain largely uncertain despite considerable study in recent years. To
elucidate the seasonal variations in fine-particle composition and
secondary aerosol formation, an Aerodyne quadrupole aerosol chemical
speciation monitor (Q-ACSM), combined with other online instruments, was used
to characterize the sub-micrometer particulate matter (diameter < 1 µm, PM1) in Beijing during summer and winter 2015. Our results suggest
that photochemical oxidation was the major pathway for sulfate formation
during summer, whereas aqueous-phase reaction became an important process
for sulfate formation during winter. High concentrations of nitrate (17 %
of the PM1 mass) were found during winter, explained by enhanced
gas-to-particle partitioning at low temperature, while high nitrate
concentrations (19 %) were also observed under the conditions of high
relative humidity (RH) during summer, likely due to the hydrophilic property
of NH4NO3 and hydrolysis of N2O5. As for organic aerosol
(OA) sources, secondary OA (SOA) dominated the OA mass (74 %) during
summer, while the SOA contribution decreased to 39 % during winter due to
enhanced primary emissions in the heating season. In terms of the SOA
formation, photochemical oxidation perhaps played an important role for
summertime oxygenated OA (OOA) formation and less-oxidized wintertime OOA
(LO-OOA) formation. The wintertime more-oxidized OOA (MO-OOA) showed a good
correlation with aerosol liquid water content (ALWC), indicating a more
important contribution of aqueous-phase processing over photochemical
production to MO-OOA. Meanwhile, the dependence of LO-OOA and the mass ratio
of LO-OOA to MO-OOA on atmospheric oxidative tracer (i.e., Ox) both
degraded when RH was greater than 60 %, suggesting that RH or aerosol
liquid water may also affect LO-OOA formation.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
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