Long-term analysis of cryoseismic events and associated ground thermal stress in Adventdalen, Svalbard
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Published:2022-05-25
Issue:5
Volume:16
Page:2025-2050
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ISSN:1994-0424
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Container-title:The Cryosphere
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language:en
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Short-container-title:The Cryosphere
Author:
Romeyn RowanORCID, Hanssen Alfred, Köhler AndreasORCID
Abstract
Abstract. The small-aperture Spitsbergen seismic array (SPITS) has
been in continuous operation at Janssonhaugen for decades. The high-Arctic
location in the Svalbard archipelago makes SPITS an ideal laboratory for the
study of cryoseisms, a nontectonic class of seismic events caused by freeze
processes in ice, ice–soil, and ice–rock materials. We extracted a catalog
of > 100 000 events from the nearly continuous observation period
between 2004 and 2021, characterized by short-duration ground shaking of
just a few seconds. This catalog contains two main subclasses where one
subclass is related to underground coal-mining activities and the other is
inferred to be dominated by frost quakes resulting from thermal-contraction
cracking of ice wedges and crack-filling vein ice. This inference is
supported by the correspondence between peaks in observed seismicity with
peaks in modeled ground thermal stress, based on a Maxwellian
thermo-viscoelastic model constrained by borehole observations of ground
temperature. The inferred frost quakes appear to be dominated by surface
wave energy and SPITS proximal source positions, with three main areas that
are associated with dynamic geomorphological features, i.e., erosional
scarps and a frozen-debris/solifluction lobe. Seismic stations providing
year-round, high-temporal-resolution measurements of ground motion may be
highly complementary to satellite remote sensing methods, such as InSAR (interferometric synthetic aperture radar), for
studying the dynamics of periglacial environments. The long-term
observational record presented in this study, containing tens of thousands
of cryoseismic events, in combination with a detailed record of borehole
ground temperature observations, provides a unique insight into the
spatiotemporal patterns of cryoseisms. The observed patterns may guide the
development of models that can be used to understand future changes to
cryoseismicity based on projected temperatures.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Earth-Surface Processes,Water Science and Technology
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