Inversely modeling homogeneous H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> − H<sub>2</sub>O nucleation rate in exhaust-related conditions
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Published:2019-05-15
Issue:9
Volume:19
Page:6367-6388
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ISSN:1680-7324
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Container-title:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Atmos. Chem. Phys.
Author:
Olin MiskaORCID, Alanen Jenni, Palmroth Marja R. T., Rönkkö Topi, Dal Maso MiikkaORCID
Abstract
Abstract. The homogeneous sulfuric acid–water nucleation rate in conditions
related to vehicle exhaust was measured and modeled. The measurements were
performed by evaporating sulfuric acid and water liquids and by diluting and
cooling the sample vapor with a sampling system mimicking the dilution
process occurring in a real-world driving situation. The nucleation rate
inside the measurement system was modeled inversely using CFD (computational
fluid dynamics) and the aerosol dynamics code, CFD-TUTMAM (Tampere University
of Technology Modal Aerosol Model for CFD). The nucleation exponents for the
concentrations of sulfuric acid and water and for the saturation vapor
pressure of sulfuric acid were found to be 1.9±0.1, 0.50±0.05,
and 0.75±0.05, respectively. These exponents can be used to examine the
nucleation mechanisms occurring in exhaust from different combustion sources
(internal combustion engines, power plant boilers, etc.) or in the
atmosphere. Additionally, the nucleation rate can be expressed with the exponents
as a function of the concentrations of sulfuric acid and water and of
temperature. The obtained function can be used as a starting point for
inverse modeling studies of more complex nucleation mechanisms involving
extra compounds in addition to sulfuric acid and water. More complex
nucleation mechanisms, such as those involving hydrocarbons, are observed with real
vehicle exhaust and are also supported by the results obtained in this study.
Furthermore, the function can be used to improve air quality models by using
it to model the effect of sulfuric acid-emitting traffic and power generation
on the particle concentration in urban air.
Funder
Tampereen Teknillinen Yliopisto Maj ja Tor Nesslingin Säätiö
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
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