Rainfall-induced debris flows and shallow landslides in Ribeira Valley, Brazil: Main characteristics and inventory mapping

Abstract

Debris flows are one of Brazil's most frequent mass movement processes, triggered by extreme rainfall events and initial volume provided by shallow landslides. Despite the recurrence of catastrophic occurrences, Brazil still lacks basic data containing the main characteristics of previous events. In this way, this research aimed to make a morphometric characterization of the event and to provide debris-flow and shallow landslides inventories. For the morphometric analysis, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was used. For the inventory map of debris flow runout and shallow landslides scars, a post-event free access image from Google Earth Pro and satellite images from RapidEye were used. The results show that debris flows had two main flows that affected different areas of the city of Itaóca. Also, one single shallow landslide contributed as initial volume to the debris flows that reach the city downtown, demonstrating the importance of entrainment. Shallow landslides analysis shows its concentration in slopes between 20.1 – 30°, with orientation South and Southeast, elevation between 600 – 800m, and in concave curvatures. The results helped to better understand debris flows in Brazil, highlighting their relationship with the occurrence of shallow landslides as one of the main triggering factors. Those data are crucial to mitigation action of possible new events.