Seamless Control Method for Wind-PV-Battery Operated Water Pumping Model

Abstract

Water pumping model (WPM) is essential part in modern days for human’s daily activities. The WPM powered by renewable energy power sources (REPS) can reduce the pollution as well as a best solution for many other problems. Implementation of a backup power source through REPS for WPM can also help in decreasing the peak load on the utility grid. Proper sizing of a hybrid power supply system (HPSS) can ensure a consistent water supply to consumers. The wind and photovoltaic modules (PVMs) based HPSSs are two major REPS which commonly used in worldwide. Nevertheless, an energy storage mechanism is required to uphold energy equilibrium within the system due to the unpredictable fluctuations in both irradiance and wind speed. Hence, required number of batteries needs to be integrated to the system with the help of proper converter to make continuous water supply without any interrupt. Adequate space is available for the installation of PVMs and wind systems on both apartments and overhead water tanks in various rural and urban locations. Therefore hybrid PVMs-Wind-Battery based WPM is useful on such places. However, to achieve the best effective and efficient operation of the system, proper coordinated energy management coordination should be developed among wind, PVMs, motor, pump and battery bank unit (BBU). Therefore, a centralized novel energy management approach is designed in this paper. A PMDC generator is included in wind system and PMDC motor is coupled with water pump to reduce losses. Maximum power point tracker circuits (MPPTC) are utilized for optimizing the performance of both wind turbines and PVMs. The two MPPTCs have been combined into a shared dc-link. The BBU is connected to the dc-link via a bidirectional circuit. The bidirectional circuit will maintain voltage at dc-link to drive the PMDC motor corresponding to higher efficiency point. OPAL-RT devices have been designed to showcase outcomes across different operational modes through Hardware-in-Loop technology.