The results of the study of the amino acid composition of compound feeds during the extrusion of wheat grain with the addition of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens L.)

Abstract

The production of quality and inexpensive feed based on agricultural raw materials is the main way to increase the profitability and competitiveness of livestock production, ensuring its import substitution and high quality. It is known that in the structure of the cost of livestock products, 50-70% of all costs are accounted for by feed. Three variants of a mixture of crushed wheat grain and biomass of the black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) were extruded with the content of the latter 10, 15, and 20% by weight at different temperatures. The content of amino acids in raw materials and finished extrudate was determined. It was found that the feed mixture of crushed grain and black soldier fly larvae can be successfully extruded at a temperature of 121-135 °C. With an increase in the extrusion temperature in the range of 115-140 °C, the amino acid content in the finished extrudate decreases. The change in the content of insect larvae in the feed mixture does not affect the nature of the dependence of the amino acid content in the extrudate on the extrusion temperature and the course of the process. It was found that the content of amino acids in the extruded feed decreases with increasing speed with increasing temperature, regardless of the content of insect biomass. The rational range of the extrusion temperature of the feed mixture from wheat grain and insect larvae was determined – 121-127 °C, which ensures a reduction in the content of essential amino acids in the extrudate by no more than 30%. The extruded feed, which includes 15% of the biomass of insect larvae, contains 9.6 ± 0.13% amino acids, including 4.38 ± 2.01% of essential amino acids. The extrusion of insect larvae in a mixture with seeds of grain crops is a promising direction for improving the production of feed for fish and farm animals.