Effect of Pin Profile Tool on Friction Stir Welding Alumunium

Abstract

This purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the pin profile tool on the results of friction stir welding aluminum. When compared to conventional welding, friction stir welding uses less energy, is non-consumable, and does not produce dangerous gas emissions, so the process becomes environmentally friendly. The variation of the tool with two profile pins, namely the straight thread pin tool (STPT) with a hardness number of 55 HRC and the tapered pin tool (TPT) with a hardness number of 54 HRC. The parameters used in both tools are 1125 rpm, a tilt angle of 20, and a 30 mm/min welding speed. The material used is Aluminum 1060, which has a size of 50x120x5 mm on one side. The friction stir welding test uses a visual, a radiography, and a macrostructure test. The results showed that the influence of the pin profile on the aluminum welding results with the tapered pin tool (TPT) has a defect in the form of a lack of fusion, so if it refers to PN-EN ISO 25239-5, then it is not permitted. In the straight thread pin tool (STPT) type, there are only imperfections in the form of a flash. The flash in the root area is due to the pin profile and welding speed, which disrupts the weld deposition flow. When viewed from the macrostructure results, there are no defects. Better results are obtained with the straight thread pin tool (STPT).