Technological-economic study of a unique hydrogen-based hybrid energy system for on-grid and off-grid use: Tegal-Pesawaran-Lampung Islands, Indonesia

Abstract

Indonesia has several uninhabited islands. Lack of basic facilities like a place to eat may hinder corporate value-raising. Indonesia has unique energy issues as a developing country, but integrating new energy sources to fulfill regional demands is a viable option. This article describes a cutting-edge hydrogen-based hybrid energy system (HRES) that produces hydrogen fuel from solar-powered electrolysis and supercritical water gasification (SCWG). It is commonly known that hydrogen can store freshly generated energy until heat is introduced to turn it into electricity via fuel source pyrolysis. In typical residential areas of Pulau Tegal, Pesawaran-Lampung, the HRES provides base load energy. Technology and economic evaluation of the designed system uses an integrated optimization and simulation framework to minimize total system costs while operating off-grid and maximize profits from using cutting-edge electricity generation methods and selling excess power to the grid. The planned HRES can produce 47,3 MWh of energy under all scenarios, which is enough to meet the area's external demand during the study. Scenario 1 has a 55,92 IDR/kWh levelized energy cost (LCOE), whereas Scenario 2 has 56,47 IDR/kWh.