Risk management for improving water quality: Application of the HACCP method

Abstract

Risk management is key to improving water quality and ensuring the safety of the drinking water supply. Identifying sources of risk introduces the first phase of risk management is to identify potential sources of water contamination. That can include industrial pollution, accidental spills, agricultural discharges, failing treatment infrastructure, contaminant seepage into water sources, etc. A thorough analysis of the different sources of risk provides a better understanding of the threats to water quality. Once the sources of risk have been identified, it is essential to carry out a risk assessment. That involves analyzing the probability of occurrence of adverse events and the impact they could have on water quality. Tools such as Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) can be used to assess risk in a systematic way. Based on the risk assessment, preventive measures should be put in place to reduce the likelihood of occurrence of adverse events. That may include implementing good agricultural practices, regulating industrial discharges, regularly inspecting water treatment facilities, continuously monitoring water sources, etc. The objective is to prevent potential sources of contamination and minimize the associated risks. Regular monitoring of water quality is a key component of risk management. That involves collecting water samples at different stages of the water supply process, as well as testing for the presence of contaminants. Having effective monitoring systems in place allows potential problems to be identified quickly and appropriate corrective action to be taken. Despite the preventive measures, it is important to be prepared for possible emergency situations. Emergency response planning should include clear protocols and actions to be taken in the event of water contamination, to minimize public health impacts. That may include alert plans, communication procedures, alternative means of treatment, and coordination with competent authorities. The objective of This article is to conduct a risk analysis related to the drinking water distribution process. Using the HACCP method applied within the Laboratory attached to the water distribution company in northern Morocco, we will focus on the main causes of the risks tainting This process, based on the results the processing of samples in order to guarantee the safety and quality of drinking water in the Larache region and contribute to the efforts to protect water against the deterioration of the quality and quantity due to pollution and waste.